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National Policy
Profile (NPP)
Italy
Digitisation policies
framework
1
Government policy for digitisation in the public administration
Description of the policy
-
Policy
framework (regulatory context, objectives, coordination
and review strategies, selection criteria)
-
Funding
and budget (funding mechanism, private companies, budget)
-
Technical
guidelines and recommendations (IPR, standards, interoperability,
long term preservation)
Policy framework
-
What
is the regulatory framework for the policy (white paper, green
paper, resolution etc):
-
Presidenza
del Consiglio dei Ministri - Dipartimento per l´innovazione
e le tecnologie, Direttiva 21 dicembre 2001 Linee guida
in materia di digitalizzazione dell´Amministrazione
-
Linee
guida del Governo per lo sviluppo della Società dell´Informazione
nella legislatura (Roma, giugno 2002) = The Government´s
guidelines for the development of the Information Society
(June 2002)
-
Documento
di programmazione economico-finanziaria per gli anni 2003-2006
(5 luglio 2002) (§ IV.5.3) Economics and Finance Programme
Document for the years 2003-2006
-
Presidenza
del Consiglio dei Ministri - Dipartimento per l´innovazione
e le tecnologie, Direttiva 20 dicembre 2002 Linee guida
in materia di digitalizzazione dell´Amministrazione,
= Guidelines concerning digitisation in Public Administration
-
What
are the objectives of the policy?
Development
of new technologies and of Information Society, particularly regarding:
-
Education
-
Research
and technological innovation
-
Dissemination
of technology
-
Computerization
of Public Administration, Health and Justice procedures
-
New Economy
-
How
is this policy co-ordinated?
Minister for
innovation and technologies
-
What
is the strategy for reviewing the policy (mechanisms, frequency
etc)? Have you selected some key indicators to monitor the process
and evaluate its impact?
-
Users´
satisfaction survey
-
Definition
of measurable objectives
-
Monitoring
of intervention
-
Have
you established priorities or selection criteria for content
digitisation?
-
Automation
of p.a. procedures
-
On-line
public services in the e-government context
-
I.T. for
human resources management
-
What
actions at European level regarding digitisation are in your
view most likely to add value to on going national initiatives
(e.g. co-ordination, help-desk, portal, funding, ...)
Co-ordination,
funding
Funding and budget
-
Funding
mechanism and budget
-
What
funding mechanisms are available for implementing this digitisation
policy? (eg projects, subsidy, grant, incentive schemes etc)
-
Do you
have any strategy to involve private companies in the digitisation
activities? If yes, what are the incentives?
-
What
is the share of the total budget reserved for digitisation?
Technical guidelines and recommendations
-
IPR issues
(eg rights assigned to or shared with funding body; special
provisions for free access such as educational uses, exploitation/commercial
rights for reuse).
-
Standards
(eg quality thresholds, image resolutions, image and file formats)
-
Interoperability
(eg mandatory standards, conformance testing centres, requirements
for provision of metadata)
-
Long
term preservation of the digitised data (eg commitment to archival
responsibilities, deposit/copy rules)
2
Government policy for digitisation of cultural heritage
- Main responsible
body
Ministero
per i beni e le attività culturali - MiBAC
- Other
bodies involved:
Regions and
Autonomous Provinces (local libraries, local museums and archives)
(Italian Regions and Autonomous Provinces Coordinating Body
for Cultural Heritage, www.regionibeniculturali.it).
- related
programmes:
See under
MiBAC General Directorates and Central Institutes
- related
projects:
See under
MiBAC General Directorates and Central Institutes
Description of the policy
-
Policy
framework (regulatory context, objectives, coordination
and review strategies, selection criteria)
-
Funding
and budget (funding mechanism, private companies, budget)
-
Technical
guidelines and recommendations (IPR, standards, interoperability,
long term preservation)
Policy framework
- What is
the regulatory framework for the policy (white paper, green paper,
resolution etc):
-
Direttiva
generale del Ministro sull'azione amministrativa e sulla gestione
per l'anno 2002, emanata ai sensi degli articoli 4 e 14 del
d.lgs.vo 30 marzo 2001, n.165, 5 febbraio 2002, Prot. 1550
(= Official ministerial address on administrative action and
management for 2002)
-
D.
Lgs. 31.03.98, nr. 112 - Conferimento di funzioni e
compiti amministrativi dello Stato alle regioni ed agli enti
locali, in attuazione del capo I della legge 15/03/97 n.59.
-
D.
Lgs. 29/10/99, nr. 490
Testo unico delle disposizioni legislative in materia di
beni culturali e ambientali, a norma dell'articolo 1 della
legge 8/10/97, n. 352.
-
2001
- Accordo tra il Ministro per i Beni e le Attività
Culturali e le Regioni per la catalogazione dei beni culturali
di cui all'art. 149, comma 4, lettera e) del decreto legislativo
31 marzo 1998, n° 112 (PROVV. 1.2.2001).
-
What
are the objectives of the policy?
-
easier
public access to cultural resources
-
coordination
of initiatives concerning the different cultural heritage
sectors
-
uniform
approach of different memory institutions (archives, libraries,
museums, etc.) for integrated access to cultural heritage"
- How is
this policy co-ordinated?
General Secretary,
General directorates and Central Institutes of MiBAC
-
What
is the strategy for reviewing the policy (mechanisms, frequency
etc)?
-
Have
you selected some key indicators to monitor the process and
evaluate its impact?
-
Have
you established priorities or selection criteria for content
digitisation?
Creation of
a precise outline of the national cultural heritage, public and
private, through fast and wide census and electronic cataloguing
of cultural assets.Digitisation of cultural and scientific contents.
-
What
actions at European level regarding digitisation are in your
view most likely to add value to on going national initiatives
(e.g. co-ordination, help-desk, portal, funding, ...)
Co-ordination
initiatives
Funding and budget
-
Funding
mechanism and budget
-
What
funding mechanisms are available for implementing this digitisation
policy? (eg projects, subsidy, grant, incentive schemes etc)
-
Do you
have any strategy to involve private companies in the digitisation
activities? If yes, what are the incentives?
-
What
is the share of the total budget reserved for digitisation?
Technical guidelines and recommendations
-
IPR issues
(eg rights assigned to or shared with funding body; special
provisions for free access such as educational uses, exploitation/commercial
rights for reuse).
Government
bill for implementation of the Directive 29/2001/EC on the harmonisation
of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information
society (D. LGS. 09.04.2003, nr.68)
L. 22 aprile
1941, n. 633, "Protezione del diritto d'autore e di altri
diritti connessi al suo esercizio"; L. 18 agosto 2000, n.
248,"Nuove norme sul diritto d'autore"
It has been
established a working group to study IPR problems and data protection
in connection with accessibility of cultural web sites.
-
Standards
(eg quality thresholds, image resolutions, image and file formats)
ICCD sets of
rules (in Italian, to download at the url:
www.iccd.beniculturali.it).
2.1
Policy for Libraries
Description of the policy
-
Policy
framework (regulatory context, objectives, coordination
and review strategies, selection criteria)
-
Funding
and budget (funding mechanism, private companies, budget)
-
Technical
guidelines and recommendations (IPR, standards, interoperability,
long term preservation)
Policy framework
-
What
is the regulatory framework for the policy (white paper, green
paper, resolution etc):
Italian policies
for digitisation activities are basically related to the so called
Ronchey law (from the name of the Ministry of Culture), that sets
free access for all to the public collections of the ALM sector
and the fee for reproduction services in state holdings only based
on the material costs of the services. Most of the digitisation
activities in state and local cultural institutes still respond
to the criteria stated in this decree, although the regional policies
are not strictly subjected to the decree.
-
L.
14.01.1993 nr. 4, Conversione in legge, con modificazioni,
del D. L. 14.11.1992 nr. 433, recante misure urgenti per il
funzionamento dei musei statali. Disposizioni in materia di
biblioteche statali e archivi di Stato. Pubblicata su
G.U. 15.01.1993 nr. 11
-
D.M.
31.01.1994, nr. 171 Regolamento recante determinazione
di indirizzi, criteri e modalità per la gestione del
servizio editoriale e di vendita riguardante le riproduzioni
di beni culturali e la realizzazione di cataloghi ed altro
materiale informativo, dei servizi riguardanti i beni librari
e archivistici per la fornitura di riproduzioni e il recapito
nell'ambito del prestito bibliotecario, nonché dei
servizi di caffetteria, di ristorazione, di guardaroba e di
vendita di altri beni correlati all'informazione museale presso
i musei, le gallerie, gli scavi archeologici, le biblioteche
e gli archivi di Stato e gli altri istituti dello Stato consegnatari
di beni culturali.
Pubblicato su G. U. 11 marzo 1994 nr.
58.
-
D.M.
8-4-1994 Tariffario per la determinazione di canoni,
corrispettivi e modalità per le concessioni relative
all'uso strumentale e precario dei beni in consegna al Ministero.
Pubblicato
su G. U. 6 maggio 1994, n. 104.
For Servizio
Bibliotecario Nazionale see Agreement signed the 10th March 1994
by the Italian Ministry of Culture, the Italian Ministry for University
and Scientific Research and Regions.
For Digital
Library please see the feasibility study on digital library.
Resolution
set up during the National Conference on Digital Library held
in Padua on 14th -17th of February 2001.
-
What
are the objectives of the policy?
-
Access
to cultural heritage
-
Preservation
of cultural heritage
-
Maintenance
and management of electronic resources
-
How is
this policy co-ordinated?
-
What
is the strategy for reviewing the policy (mechanisms, frequency
etc)? Have you selected some key indicators to monitor the process
and evaluate its impact?
Working
groups and annual national Conference. At the moment we are
working in defining key indicators and in undertaking some digitisation
projects (historical catalogues digitisation, etc.)
-
Have
you established priorities or selection criteria for content
digitisation?
For what
concerns content digitisation, the above mentioned national commitee
is dealing with the subjects and criteria
-
What
actions at European level regarding digitisation are in your
view most likely to add value to on going national initiatives
(e.g. co-ordination, help-desk, portal, funding, ...)
Portal,
funding, coordination.
Funding and budget
-
Funding
mechanism and budget
-
What
funding mechanisms are available for implementing this digitisation
policy? (eg projects, subsidy, grant, incentive schemes etc)
Projects
-
Do you
have any strategy to involve private companies in the digitisation
activities? If yes, what are the incentives?
-
What
is the share of the total budget reserved for digitisation?
For three
years (2001-2003) 10 billions of lires (5.162.000 Euro) for the
Digital library.
Technical guidelines and recommendations
-
IPR issues
(eg rights assigned to or shared with funding body; special
provisions for free access such as educational uses, exploitation/commercial
rights for reuse).
-
Standards
(eg quality thresholds, image resolutions, image and file formats)
-
Interoperability
(eg mandatory standards, conformance testing centres, requirements
for provision of metadata)
See the section
about the projects.
-
Long
term preservation of the digitised data (eg commitment to archival
responsibilities, deposit/copy rules)
See the section
about the projects.
2.2
Policy for
historical, artistic, ethnological, anthropological heritage and
folklore
Description of the policy
-
Policy
framework (regulatory context, objectives, coordination
and review strategies, selection criteria)
-
Funding
and budget (funding mechanism, private companies, budget)
-
Technical
guidelines and recommendations (IPR, standards, interoperability,
long term preservation)
Policy framework
- What is
the regulatory framework for the policy (white paper, green paper,
resolution etc):
- D. lgs. nr.
490/1999, Testo unico delle disposizioni legislative in materia
di beni culturali e ambientali (a norma art. 1 L. 352/1997)
- PROVV. 1.2.2001
Accordo tra il Ministro per i Beni e le Attivitą Culturali e le Regioni per la catalogazione
dei beni culturali di cui all'art. 149, comma 4, lettera e) del decreto legislativo 31 marzo 1998, n° 112.
- What are
the objectives of the policy?
To give remote
access to cultural heritage. First objective is the creation of
the Catalogue of Environmental, Architectural, Archaeological,
Artistic, Historical, and Demo-ethno-anthropological Heritage.
The Informative System, currently under implementation, will allow
network access to geo-referenced textual data relating to the
catalogue of Italian cultural heritage, accompanied by related
documentary attachments: digital images, drawings in raster and
vector formats, multimedia documents. This tool will allow a broad
range of users to benefit from the data produced within the Italian
Ministry of the Cultural Heritage and Activities, but also from
the data stored in the Data Banks created by other bodies which,
owing to a variety of qualifications, are involved in cataloguing
of cultural heritage (Regions, Local Governments, Ecclesiastical
Bodies, Universities).
- How is
this policy co-ordinated?
ICCD (co-ordinating
all Catalogue and Documentation Offices of the territorial Supervision
Agencies)
Catalogue
and Documentation Offices of the territorial Superintendencies
(programming and co-ordinating cataloguing of State protected
assets; supervising cataloguing of cultural assets by local and
ecclesiastic authorities through agreements, commissions and so
on)
- What is
the strategy for reviewing the policy (mechanisms, frequency etc)?
Have you selected some key indicators to monitor the process and
evaluate its impact?
ICCD issues
guidelines for cataloguing activities, through an annual institutional
memorandum, and evaluates long term (3 year) and short term (1
year) Superintendence programmes. Evaluation is based on indicators
such as:
Adherence
to guidelines, Adherence to ICCD directives, Project feasibility,
Project grant requirements, Amount of previously transmitted data.
The ICCD prepares
an annual summary of activities. A national seminar and a national
report on cataloguing activities have recently been held and published.
- Have you
established priorities or selection criteria for content digitisation?
An yearly
institutional memorandum establishes the priorities: Development
of an Electronic Archive of "Legally Bound Heritage"
(Beni vincolati);Cataloguing of the "Legally Bound"
patrimony; Cataloguing of private collections formally placed
under protection and of exceptionally interesting private collections
at the purpose of their protection; Cataloguing of museum collections
at the purpose of inventory reorganization and update;
Recognition
of movable and real estate resources of Demesnial property. Cataloguing
of resources which are at risk of theft, loss or damage. Contextual
cataloguing of architectural and archaeological real estate resources,
of findings and of related cultural heritage, aimed at geo- referencing
and at the territorial positioning of such resources, in relation
to the development of the Catalogue's General Informative System.
Completion and digitisation of previously financed cataloguing
campaigns.Enhancement of image digitisation activities
Funding and budget
-
Funding
mechanism and budget
-
What
funding mechanisms are available for implementing this digitisation
policy? (eg projects, subsidy, grant, incentive schemes etc)
Public grant
- Do you
have any strategy to involve private companies in the digitisation
activities? If yes, what are the incentives?
In past years
licensed agencies have carried out digital cataloguing projects
promoted by special laws (L 41/1986/; L 160/1998; L 84/1990).
- What is
the share of the total budget reserved for digitisation?
Technical guidelines and recommendations
-
IPR issues
(eg rights assigned to or shared with funding body; special
provisions for free access such as educational uses, exploitation/commercial
rights for reuse).
-
Standards
(eg quality thresholds, image resolutions, image and file formats)
In relation
to the goal of defining cataloguing standards and of unifying
data survey methodologies, the Institute has issued the following
norms:
- Norms for Data Structuring and Transfer, 1998
- Catalographic card models for: Movables (archaeological, numismatic and ethnographic findings, charts of materials, works and objects of art, drawings, prints and matrixes, scientific instruments); Real estate (architectures, parks and gardens, monuments and archaeological complexes, stratigraphical essays); Urban-territorial resources (municipal territory, urban/extra urban sectors, historical centres, archaeological sites); Demo-ethno-anthropological resources (testimonies of material and demo-ethno-anthropological culture); Events (thefts, restrictions).
- Norms for digital acquisition of photographic images related to catalogue cards, issued in 1998. The norms, laid out by ICCD with the technical advice of ENEA, regulate the image acquisition and storage processes
- Terminological support
- Control and validation tools
All the above mentioned tools will be integrated in the Catalogue's General Informative System.
All the norms may be retrieved from the Internet site www.iccd.beniculturali.it (in Italian)
-
Interoperability
(eg mandatory standards, conformance testing centres, requirements
for provision of metadata)
-
Long
term preservation of the digitised data (eg commitment to archival
responsibilities, deposit/copy rules)
2.3
Policy for
archaeological heritage
Description of the policy
-
Policy
framework (regulatory context, objectives, coordination
and review strategies, selection criteria)
-
Funding
and budget (funding mechanism, private companies, budget)
-
Technical
guidelines and recommendations (IPR, standards, interoperability,
long term preservation)
Policy framework
-
What
is the regulatory framework for the policy (white paper, green
paper, resolution etc)
-
What
are the objectives of the policy?
-
How is
this policy co-ordinated?
-
What
is the strategy for reviewing the policy (mechanisms, frequency
etc)? Have you selected some key indicators to monitor the process
and evaluate its impact?
-
Have
you established priorities or selection criteria for content
digitisation?
Priorities
for content digitisation in the area of archaeology are based
on the degree of vulnerability and risk of single items.
Selection
criteria pursued are those of heritage valorisation
-
What
actions at European level regarding digitisation are in your
view most likely to add value to on going national initiatives
(e.g. co-ordination, help-desk, portal, funding, ...)
Funding and budget
-
Funding
mechanism and budget
-
What
funding mechanisms are available for implementing this digitisation
policy? (eg projects, subsidy, grant, incentive schemes etc)
Public funding;
projects
-
Do you
have any strategy to involve private companies in the digitisation
activities? If yes, what are the incentives?
No
-
What
is the share of the total budget reserved for digitisation?
Funds annually
reserved to digitisation by DGBA amount to € 2.000.000.00
Technical guidelines and recommendations
-
IPR issues
(eg rights assigned to or shared with funding body; special
provisions for free access such as educational uses, exploitation/commercial
rights for reuse).
-
Standards
(eg quality thresholds, image resolutions, image and file formats)
-
Interoperability
(eg mandatory standards, conformance testing centres, requirements
for provision of metadata)
-
Long
term preservation of the digitised data (eg commitment to archival
responsibilities, deposit/copy rules)
2.4
Policy for
Archives
- Main responsible
body
MiBAC -
Direzione
generale per gli archivi
- Other
bodies involved
103 State
Archives, 35 State Archives Sections, 20 Archival Supervision
Agencies
- related
programmes:
Sistema Archivistico
Nazionale
-
related
projects:
Description of the policy
-
Policy
framework (regulatory context, objectives, coordination
and review strategies, selection criteria)
-
Funding
and budget (funding mechanism, private companies, budget)
-
Technical
guidelines and recommendations (IPR, standards, interoperability,
long term preservation)
Policy framework
-
What
is the regulatory framework for the policy (white paper, green
paper, resolution etc):
D. lgs. nr.
490/1999, Testo unico delle disposizioni legislative in materia
di beni culturali e ambientali (a norma art. 1 L. 352/1997)
Making, reproduction
and preservation of digital documents:
-
Deliberazione
AIPA 42/2001, Regole tecniche per la riproduzione e conservazione
di documenti su supporto ottico idoneo a garantire la conformità
dei documenti agli original (ai sensi art. 6, commi 1 e 2,
dpr 445/2000).
-
Circolare
AIPA 28/2001, Standard, modalità di trasmissione, formato
e definizioni dei tipi di informazioni minime ed accessorie
comunemente scambiate tra le pubbliche amministrazioni e associate
ai documenti protocollati
-
Deliberazione
AIPA 51/2000, Regole tecniche in materia di formazione e conservazione
di documenti informatici delle pubbliche amministrazioni (ai
sensi art. 18, comma 3 dpr 513/1997)
-
D.P.R.
445/2000, Testo unico delle disposizioni legislative e regolamentari
in materia di documentazione amministrativa
-
Deliberazione
AIPA 24/98 Regole tecniche per l'uso di supporti ottici (a
sensi art. 2 comma 15 L. 537/1993)
Financing
of archives digitisation activities:
-
What
are the objectives of the policy?
-
Creation
of an accessible National Archive System based on interoperation
and integration of distributed data banks.
-
Increasing
data about national documentary heritage and give wider access
to information
-
To study
integration ways between different cultural heritage information
systems
-
Next objective
of the Archive Administration is to exploit the results of
past projects based on different technologies, and to update
their contents and reference instruments according to users'
needs.
-
How is
this policy co-ordinated?
Planning,
technological processing, programming of digitisation activities:
Direzione generale per gli archivi
Heritage cataloguing
policy: Istituto centrale per gli archivi (established by dpr
441/2000, next setting up)
-
What
is the strategy for reviewing the policy (mechanisms, frequency
etc)? Have you selected some key indicators to monitor the process
and evaluate its impact?
Monitoring
of number and quality of remote accesses to data bank. It will
be soon produced a monitoring system for activities related to
implementation and updating of data bases.
-
Have
you established priorities or selection criteria for content
digitisation?
-
What
actions at European level regarding digitisation are in your
view most likely to add value to on going national initiatives
(e.g. co-ordination, help-desk, portal, funding, ...)
Portal, funding.
Funding and budget
Technical guidelines and recommendations
-
IPR issues
(eg rights assigned to or shared with funding body; special
provisions for free access such as educational uses, exploitation/commercial
rights for reuse).
-
Standards
(eg quality thresholds, image resolutions, image and file formats)
-
Committee
on descriptive standards of the Consiglio internazionale degli
archivi (istituito nel 1996): ISAD, ISAAR
-
National
regulatory framework: technological standards
- Interoperability
(eg mandatory standards, conformance testing centres, requirements
for provision of metadata)
W3C recommendations:
XML (metalanguage), JPEG, TIF (images)
-
Long
term preservation of the digitised data (eg commitment to archival
responsibilities, deposit/copy rules)
National regulatory
framework
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