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Path: Home | Publications | Quality criteria  |  Table of contents  | Acronyms



 

Handbook for quality in cultural Web sites
Improving quality for citizens


Bibliography and references

The most relevant references on accessibility and usability.

The last visit to each Internet resource goes back to the period between August and October 2003.


ACCESSIBILITY

1. Guidelines and standards on accessibility

WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative. Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0. W3C Recommendation 3 February 2000
http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-ATAG10-20000203
For software developers, explains how to make a variety of authoring tools support the production of accessible Web content, and also how to make the software itself accessible.

WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative. Device Independence Principles. W3C Working Draft 18 September 2001.
http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-di-princ-20010918/
On accessibility of wireless devices

WAI. – Web Accessibility Initiative. Policies Relating to Web Accessibility. 18 June 2003
A listing of Web accessibility policies across the world.
http://www.w3.org/WAI/Policy/

WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative. Web content accessibility guidelines. 1.0. W3C Recommendation 5-May-1999
http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/
Explains in detail how to make a Web site accessible for people with a variety of disabilities.

WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative. User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0. W3C Recommendation 17 December 2002
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-UAAG10-20021217/
For software developers, explains how to make accessible browsers, multimedia players, and assistive technologies that interface with these.

WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative. XML Accessibility Guidelines. W3C Working Draft 3 October 2002
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-xag-20021003
For developers of XML-based applications, explains how to ensure that XML-based applications support accessibility.

Other sources

Apple Computer, Inc. Mac OS 8 Human Interface Guidelines. 29 July 1996
http://developer.apple.com/documentation/mac/HIGuidelines/HIGuidelines-2.html

Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board. Electronic and Information Technology Accessibility Standards [Published in the Federal Register on December 21, 2000, 36 CFR Part 1194 - Docket No. 2000-01 - RIN 3014-AA25]
http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/508standards.htm

Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Information Technology Division. Web Accessibility Standards. Version 1.0. 1 May 2000.
http://www.state.ma.us/itd/spg/publications/standards/web-access-std.htm

EducAr. Propuesta de Educ.ar para el desarrollo de páginas Web accesibles. In Spanish
http://www.educ.ar/educar/home/acces.jsp

IBM. Special Needs Systems Guidelines
http://www-3.ibm.com/able/guidelines/

IBM. Web accessibility guidelines. 2002
http://www-3.ibm.com/able/guidelines/web/accessweb.html

TechDis. Web Accessibility & Usability Resource. 26 October 2002.
http://www.techdis.ac.uk/seven/

The international center for disability resources on the internet. City of San Jose
World Wide Web Page Disability Access Design Standards. 14 March 1997
http://www.icdri.org/CynthiaW/city_of_san_jose_world_wide_web_.htm

Microsoft. Microsoft Windows Guidelines for Accessible Software Design http://www.microsoft.com/enable/dev/guidelines/software.htm

Trace Research & Development Center. Application Software Design Guidelines.
http://www.trace.wisc.edu/docs/software_quidelines/toc.htm

The University of Arizona. Web accessibility, 2003
http://uaweb.arizona.edu/resources/accessibility.shtml

University of Toronto's. 10 HTML Commandments.
http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/rd/html/commandments.html

U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, Disability Rights Section. Accessibility of State and local Government Websites to people with disabilities, June 2003
http://www.ada.gov/websites2.htm


WGBH/NCAM. Making Educational Software Accessible. 2000
http://ncam.wgbh.org/cdrom/guideline

 

2. Web sites on accessibility

AccEase
Making on-line information accessible
http://www.accease.com/who-we-are.html

Aware
Central resource for Web authors for learning about Web accessibility
http://aware.hwg.org/

Accessibility.com.au - The disability information resource
Australian gateway on accessibility
http://www.accessibility.com.au/

Fundación Sidar - Acceso Universal - Seminario SIDAR
http://www.sidar.org/index.php

HCI BIB
Links to Internet Resources on Accessibility
http://www.hcibib.org/accessibility/

NCAM (National Center for Accessibile Media)
It is a research and development facility that works to make media accessible to underserved populations such as disables persons, minority language users, and people with low literacy skills
http://ncam.wgbh.org/

WAI - Web Accessibility Iniziative
Guidelines and resources by the international organization that sets Web standards
http://www.w3.org/WAI/

INAIL gateway for accessibility (only in Italian)
http://www.superabile.it

Section 508
American Law for regulations of US Websites. Links, resources and useful documents.

WebABLE
The authoritative Web site for disability-related internet resources
http://www.webable.com/

Webaccessibile.org
The Italian resource on accessibility according to WAI rules
http://www.webaccessibile.org/default.asp

WebAIM - Web Accessibility in Mind
Expanding the Webs potential for people with disabilities
http://www.webaim.org/

World Enable
An Internet accessibility initiative in support of the international goals of equalizing opportunities for, by, and with persons with disabilities
http://www.worldenable.net


3. National and international accessibility campaigns

Viewable with any browser
Campaign for a WWW independent from a specific browser
http://www.anybrowser.org/campaign/index.shtml#translations

RNIB's Campaign for Good Web Design. 2003
http://www.rnib.org.uk/xpedio/groups/public/
documents/publicwebsite/public_goodwebdesign.hcsp

Campagna per l'accessibilità delle biblioteche in rete: progetto CABI
Italian campaign for accessibility of libraries online: CABI Project
http://marciana.venezia.sbn.it/CABI/index.html

 

4. Mailing Lists and forums

Alertbox, by Jacob Nielsen
Usability
http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20000820.html

BLIST The Comprehensive Index of Blindness-Related Emailing Lists
Instructions on how to join over two hundred blindness-related emailing lists and blindness-related newsgroups, along with hypertext links which allow you to subscribe to any of the lists. It also contains an extensive listing of accessibility and pan-disability lists, as well as a list of emailing lists that are not blindness-related, but which are frequented by blind members, and a selective list of emailing list-related resources
http://www.hicom.net/~oedipus/blist.html

WAI Interest Group mailing list
http://www.w3.org/WAI/IG/Overview.html#Uselist

WebAIB. Web Accessibility Forum Mailing List
http://www.webaim.org/discussion/

 

5. Newsgroups

alt.comp.accessibility
alt.education.disabled
alt.support.learning-disab
alt.internet.search-engines
alt.support.disabled.artists
comp.human-factors
fj.misc.handicap
it.comp.accessibilita
it.sociale.handicap
misc.handicap
ucb.students.disabled
uk.people.disability

 

6. E-serials

Dr Dobb’s journal
http://www.ddj.com/ddj/

E-access Bulletin
Newsletter on accessibility of informatics applications
http://www.e-accessibility.com/

JILT - Journal of information, law and technology
An established but innovative electronic law journal covering a range of topics relating to IT law and applications. It contains a diversity of materials including peer reviewed and non-refereed articles, commentaries, work in progress articles, book and IT reviews, and conference reports and papers, as well as information papers, news and UK and global conferences
http://elj.warwick.ac.uk/jilt/

 

7. Web browsers

Browsers specifically designed for people with disabilities

Braillesurf
Speech, Braille, large text.
http://www.snv.jussieu.fr/inova/bs4/uk/index.htm

BrookesTalk
This browser under development by Oxford Brookes University focuses on facilitating intelligent web-searching. Speech output, screen-magnification.
http://www.brookes.ac.uk/speech/

EIAD
A browser from Sarsfield Solutions which provides enhancements specifically for people with special needs and learning difficulties.
Touch-screen, simplified language interface.
http://gippsnet.com.au/eiad/browser.htm

EMACSPEAK
The speech-enabled environment for EMACS, runs under UNIX or LINUX, includes full Web browsing capabilities through W3.
Speech output, simple keyboard interface.
http://emacspeak.sourceforge.net/

HomePage Reader
The speech-based browser from IBM, using Internet Explorer as its engine designed for blind and visually impaired. Speech output and standard graphical user interface.
http://www.austin.ibm.com/sns/hpr.html

Marco Polo
A plug-in for Netscape Navigator from Sonicon with speech and auditory icons. Speech output, audio icons, simple keyboard interface.
http://www.webpresence.com/sonicon/marcopolo/

MultiWeb
Disability-specific browser developed at Deakin University.
Speech output, screen magnification, scanning for switch devices.
http://mis.deakin.edu.au/mis/multiweb/

PwWebSpeak
Speech output, synchronised speech and screen magnification, simple keyboard interface.
http://www.issound.com/pwWebspeak.htm

Sensus Internet Browser
A low-vision Internet browser from Sensus in Denmark. Speech output, Braille support, special screen fonts.
http://www.sensus.dk/sib10uk.htm

Simply Web 2000
A talking interface using the Internet Explorer engine. Speech output, simple keyboard interface.
http://www.econointl.com/sw/

 

8. Screen-readers

ASAW from Microtalk
Speech.
http://www.microtalk.com/

HAL from Dolphin
Speech and Braille
http://www.dolphinuk.co.uk/

JAWS For Windows from Freedom Scientific
Speech and Braille
http://www.hj.com/main.html

Lookout from Choice Technology
http://www.screenreader.co.uk/

OutSpoken from Alva:
Speech and Braille
http://www.aagi.com/

Screenreader/2 from IBM
Speech and Braille
http://www-3.ibm.com/able/snssrd2.html

Simply Talker from Econonet:
Speech
http://www.econointl.com/simply/

Slimware Window Bridge from Synthavoice
Speech and Braille
http://www.synthavoice.on.ca/

Virgo from Baum
http://www.baum.de/virgoservice.htm

Window-Eyes from GWMicro:
Speech and Braille
http://www.gwmicro.com/

Winkline from Speech Systems for the Blind
http://www.aasp.net/~speechfb/info.htm

WinVision from Artic:
Speech.
http://www.artictech.com/

 

9. Browsers with adaptive technology

AMAYA
The W3C's test-bed browser, implementing emerging Web technologies.
http://www.w3.org/Amaya/

ARACHNE
Graphical browser for MS-DOS.
http://arachne.browser.org/

LYNX, and Mac OS version of LYNX
Popular text-based browser for UNIX, Windows 95/NT, MS-DOS, and Mac OS allowing flexible and powerful text-based access from older platforms.
http://lynx.browser.org/
http://www.lirmm.fr/~gutkneco/maclynx/download.html

Internet Explorer, accessibility features
Microsoft has included many features in Internet Explorer to enhance accessibility.
http://www.microsoft.com/enable/Products/ie.aspx

Net-Tamer
This package runs under MS-DOS and includes both text-based and graphical browsing capabilities.
http://www.nettamer.net/

Netscape Navigator
Navigator enables enlargement of fonts.
http://home.netscape.com/

Opera
This compact browser for Windows 95/98/ME offers enhanced keyboard navigation and screen magnification.
http://www.operasoftware.com/index.html

 

10. Voice browsers

ConversaWeb
Voice-activated browser allowing spoken selection of links using "saycons".
http://www.speechtechnology.com/otherspeech/conversaweb_n.html

webHearit
A telephone-based tool using the telephone keypad as an interface to navigate suitably configured pages.
http://www.issound.com/technology/products-webhearit.htm

SpeecHTML
A subscription service from Vocalis, allowing a participating site to provide telephone access using voice commands.
http://www.speechtml.com/

TelWeb
An experimental telephone-based browser allowing access to any site using voice and dialled commands.
http://www.telweb.com/

 

11. Evaluation, repair, and transformation tools for Web content accessibility

Evaluation Tools

1.General

AccessEnable™
An online Website evaluation and correction product line, able to make site-wide automatic fixes as well as interactive fixes to satisfy Federal and other Web accessibility standards. By RetroAccess.
http://www.retroaccess.com/

AccVerify™
It implements programmatic verification and reports all errors/non-compliance with the standards, plus checklist for criteria that can't be verified programmatically.
http://www.hisoftware.com/access/

AnyBrowser.com
Tools relevant for accessibility include viewing in various screen sizes, view with images are replaced by ALT text. Also HTML and link validation, search engine tools, and other browser compatibility tests.
http://www.anybrowser.com/

Bobby
Developed by CAST, it helps authors to determine if their sites are accessible, through automatic and manual checks, also analyzing Web pages for compatibility with various browsers.
http://www.cast.org/bobby

Cynthia Says
Designed to identify errors related to Section 508 standards and the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
http://www.cynthiasays.com/

Dr Watson
Hosted as a free service by Addy & Associates (2000). This tool may also check link validity, download speed, search engine compatibility, link popularity, word count, and spelling.
http://watson.addy.com/

Dreamweaver 508 Accessibility Suite
See Lift for Dreamweaver
http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/#Lift
http://www.macromedia.com/exchange/dreamweaver

I-Checker
An entry level Web accessibility automated checking tool in Japanese from IBM.
http://www.ibm.co.jp/accessibility/i-checker/index.html

InSight
SSB Technologies. Interactive evaluation tool designed to help developers create accessible web pages.
http://www.ssbtechnologies.com/

Lift
Lift Online and Lift Site are both Developed by UsableNet, Inc. LIFT Onsite allows Web designers and Web owners to test and repair accessibility and usability issues, including site navigability, download speed, graphic quality, accessibility, searchability, etc.
http://www.usablenet.com/lift_onsite/lift_onsite.html

Lift for Dreamweaver, Lift for FrontPage, Lift NNg
Lift for Dreamweaver / FrontPage are extensions for those Authoring tools. Lift allows customisation of accessibility tests and provides continuously updated test results during editing as well as a wizard-based repair tool that can be run in a context-sensitive mode while editing.
http://www.usablenet.com/lift_dw/lift_dw.html,
http://www.usablenet.com/frontend/demoform.jsp?prod=lfp, http://www.usablenet.com/products_services/lfd_nng/lfd_nng.html

PageScreamer
By Crunchy Technologies, it verifies and corrects non-compliant Web content; provides a text equivalent for every non-text element; provides the ability to identify rows and columns in HTML tables; ensures identification of frames for navigation; identifies and alerts the user to server side image maps.
http://www.crunchy.com/tools/PageScreamer.html

Page Valet
Page Valet combines formal validation with accessibility testing based on the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. Page Valet generates XML, with a choice of report formats including HTML versions for Web browsers.
http://valet.webthing.com/page/

RAMP™
From Deque Systems. Supports 508 and WCAG. Written in Java for platform independence and claims to be accessible to people with disabilities. Provides evaluation and repair.
http://www.section508ok.com/products/products.htm

RAMP™Lite
The RAMP™ analysis engine. It generates reports and documents. Aimed at Project Managers and senior level executives who want to monitor the accessibility of their projects.
http://www.section508ok.com/products/products.htm

Site Valet
Site Valet is a comprehensive Quality Assurance product for Web and Intranet sites. Of particular interest to accessibility are the Page Valet tool for markup analysis and a user feedback programme for raising and dealing responsively with problem reports.
http://valet.webthing.com/

TAW
Developed by Fondo Formación Asturias in collaboration with SIDAR, TAW tests accessibility of a page, marking automatically detected errors with the priority level of the WCAG checkpoint. It also marks manual tests that are required in the page.
http://www.tawdis.net/

Torquemada
Torquemada is an Italian-language tool designed to assess the accessibility of Websites. The initial version is an online service, but the tool is under development and a downloadable version is promised soon.
http://www.webxtutti.it/testa.htm

The Web Page Accessibility Self-Evaluation Test
Created by the Public Service Commission of Canada. It is a 27 question, multiple choice survey available in English or French that produces 5 accessibility ratings: 1) highly inaccessible; 2) much improvement required; 3) partially accessible; 4) fairly accessible; 5) accessible. Feedback by e-mail address..
http://www.psc-cfp.gc.ca/eepmp-pmpee/access/testver1_e.htm

 

2. Focused

Clear Language and Effectiveness Tool (CLAD)
Developed by the Toronto East End Literacy Project, it asks a series of questions, then using client-side scripting calculates a reading level.
http://www.eastendliteracy.on.ca/clearlanguageanddesign/
readingeffectivenesstool/

Colorfield Insight
Allows designers to model and predict image legibility for color deficient viewers. By Colorfield Digital Media.
http://www.colorfield.com/insight/index.html

Doctor HTML
By Thomas Tongue and Imagiware, Inc. (1997). It performs minimal accessibility checking and also verifies links, spell checks and performs some syntax checking.
http://www2.imagiware.com/RxHTML/

NetMechanic
http://www.netmechanic.com/

NIST WebMetrics Tool Suite
A set of four tools used to test the usability and accessibility of a site: WebSAT - The Web Static Analyzer Tool uses a subset of usability guidelines to analyze a page for accessibility, form use, performance, maintainability, navigation, and readability; WebCAT - The Web Category Analysis Tool is a variation upon traditional card sorting techniques. It allows a Web designer/usability engineer to test a proposed or existing categorization scheme of a Web site to determine how well the categories and items are understood by users; WebVIP - The Web Visual Instrumenter Program is a tool that can be used to conduct traditional user testing on a given set of tasks but in a rapid, remote and automated fashion; WebVISVIP - The WebVIP Visualization Tool is used to visualize the path data generated by VIP in 3D graphics.
http://www.nist.gov/webmet/

Pehtoori
HTML validation service
http://t2r.uwasa.fi/pehtoori/index-en.html

Reading level calculator
Developed by Linda Wasmer Andrews and based on the SMOG readability formula. This form relies on client-side scripting to calculate the reading level.
http://www.linda-andrews.com/readability_tool.htm

The Schematron
An XML Structure Validation Language using Patterns in Trees - WAI Content Guidelines. Compares the pattern of a file to the patterns defined by WCAG schema.
http://www.ascc.net/xml/resource/schematron/WAI-example.html

Style and Diction
Diction identifies wordy and commonly misused phrases. Style analyses surface characteristics of a document, including sentence length and other readability measures.

Vischeck
Available as a downloadable application, a Photoshop plug-in, or online, this tool simulates colorblind vision.
http://www.vischeck.com/

The Wave
A tool that helps people perform those tasks that require human judgment. The Wave displays the ALT text of images and AREAS on the page for comparison with the images, provides numbered arrows to show the linearized reading order, and shows the HTML equivalent (if any) provided for applets. The Wave performs automatic checks.
http://www.temple.edu/inst_disabilities/piat/wave

Webbot - the libwww Robot
From the W3C. It is a programmable robot that can report missing "alt" attributes or other specific anomalies. Its primary design goal was to test HTTP/1.1 pipelining features. It runs locally on Unix or Windows.
http://www.w3.org/Robot

WDG HTML Validator
From the Web Design Group (WDG). It uses the same engine as the W3C HTML Validator but produces easier to understand error messages. It also supports a wider variety of character encodings than the W3C validator. It is available online or can run locally.
http://www.htmlhelp.com/tools/validator/

Weblint
By Neil Bowers (1997). It is a syntax and minimal style checker for HTMLIt is available for download on Unix, Windows NT, Mac or OS/2.
http://www.cre.canon.co.uk/~neilb/weblint

W3C CSS validator.
Validates the CSS used in documents. It may be run through the interface on the W3C server or download it and run it at a Java command line.
http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/README.html

W3C HTML validation service
HTML validation service based on an SGML parser. It checks HTML documents for compliance with W3C HTML Recommendations and other HTML standards. Service is available through the W3C Web site.
http://validator.w3.org/

 

3. Services

AccMonitor™ and AccessibilityWATCH™
AccMonitor™ by HiSoftware is designed for Web site Accessibility Management. It monitors the accessibility status of an entire Web site or a subdirectory of the site around the clock for WCAG priorities 1 to 3 as well as section 508 requirements.
http://www.hisoftware.com/access/monitor.html
http://www.accessibilitywatch.com/

 

12. Repair Tools

A-Prompt
By the University of Toronto, freely available tool that may be used to identify problems and help corrections.
http://aprompt.snow.utoronto.ca/

AccRepair™
AccRepair ™ by HiSoftware provides for the verification and correction of Accessibility policy and standards required for Web sites.
http://www.hisoftware.com/access/repair.html

ALT repair kit
By Sonicon, allows ALT text to be added to page inline.
http://www.sonicon.com/wai/altsform.html

CSSize (HTML => HTML+CSS) and HTTPtool (HTTP ftp-alike using GET/PUT) software
By Daniel Glazman
http://www.edf.fr/der/html/produits/publications
/w3c/web.en.htm

Demoronizer
By Tom Christiansen. It removes vendor specific HTML conventions and extensions.
http://language.perl.com/misc/div-www.html

Hi-Caption™
By HiSoftware, (http://www.hisoftware.com/), it allows authors to edit SMIL or SAMI presentations to add caption tracks providing a visual interface for users who don't want to directly edit code as well as full source editing functions. Also available in Spanish (Castellano)
http://www.hisoftware.com/hmcc/acc4mcc.html

InFocus
SSB Technologies. Interactive repair tool designed to help developers create accessible Web pages.
http://www.ssbtechnologies.com/

Lift for Dreamweaver, Lift for FrontPage, Lift NNg
Lift for Dreamweaver / FrontPage are extensions for those Authoring tools. Lift allows choosing which accessibility tests to apply and provides continuously updated test results during editing as well as a wizard-based repair tool that can be run in a context-sensitive mode while editing.
http://www.usablenet.com/lift_dw/lift_dw.html,
http://www.usablenet.com/frontend/demoform.jsp?prod=lfp,
http://www.usablenet.com/products_services/lfd_nng/lfd_nng.html

MAGpie
By NCAM, it allows users to add captions to QuickTime, Windows Media or SMIL, and to add audio descriptions to SMIL. Available for Windows.
http://ncam.wgbh.org/webaccess/magpie/

PageScreamer
By Crunchy Technologies, it verifies and corrects non-compliant Web content; provides a text equivalent for every non-text element; provides the ability to identify rows and columns in HTML tables; ensures identification of frames for navigation; identifies and alerts the user to server side image maps.
http://www.crunchy.com/tools/PageScreamer.html

Powerpoint Accessibility Wizard
By Division of Rehabilitation - Education Services, University of Illinois. It simplify the task of converting PowerPoint presentations to text pure accessibile HTML.
http://www.rehab.uiuc.edu/ppt/index.html

RAMP™
By Deque Systems. Provides evaluation and repair.
http://www.section508ok.com/products/products.htm

RAMP™ARC
RAMP™ARC can generate tagged PDF and accessible HTML from your original source.
http://www.section508ok.com/products/products.htm

TOM
Text-Only Maker, by NCSA.
http://lunch.ncsa.uiuc.edu/tom

Tidy
By Dave Raggett. Repairs errors, improves style in HTML/XML. Converts HTML to XHTML. Removes proprietary XML tags from HTML output.
http://www.w3.org/People/Raggett/tidy

TOC Maker
An add-on for Mozilla composer by Daniel Glazman. It allows generation of a table of contents for a page, and then add it to a page or site index.
http://cascades.mozdev.org/installation.html

 

13. Filter and transformation tools

Accessibility Bookmarklets
Some javascript bookmarklets designed to perform various functions to repair accessibility problems, by Jim Ley.
http://jibbering.com/accessibility/bookmarklets.html

Accessible Web Browser Project
At Univ. Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. The project aims at creating a Web browser using Internet Explorer as a COM object, to improve accessibility for people with visual impairments.
http://slappy.cs.uiuc.edu/fall99/team5/

AYE
By Henrik Quintel, it is a Web page transformer
http://www.fh-worms.de/~quintel/Q/first.htm

BBC Education Text to Speech Internet Enhancer: BETSIE
http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/betsie/

"deGrade" browser simulator
http://www.cgu.edu/degrade/
by Kynn Bartlett

LaTeX2HTML
http://cbl.leeds.ac.uk/nikos/tex2html/doc/latex2html/latex2html.html

Lynx-me service.
By Gerald Oskoboiny. It shows a textual version of how a site looks in Lynx.
http://ugweb.cs.ualberta.ca/~gerald/lynx-me.cgi

Delorie Lynx viewer
Shows how a page will look in Lynx.
http://www.delorie.com/web/lynxview.html

Internet Explorer Web Accessories
http://www.microsoft.com/Windows/IE/WebAccess/default.asp

Muffin filtering proxy server
http://muffin.doit.org/

Navigation Power Toys for IE.
http://trace.wisc.edu/world/doc_access/index.htm#nav-tools
Developed at the Trace Center by Mark Novak

Microsoft Power Point WWW Publishing Accessibility Wizard
It simplifies the task of converting PowerPoint presentations to text pure HTML.
http://cmos-eng.rehab.uiuc.edu/ppt/

Office 2000 HTML Filter
A tool, by Microsoft, that can be used to remove Office-specific markup tags embedded in Office 2000 documents (e.g. Word) saved as HTML.
http://office.microsoft.com/downloads/2000/Msohtmf2.aspx

PDF to HTML Converter
Developed by Adobe.
ETH Zurich - Proxy helper project.
http://access.adobe.com/simple_form.html

The Proxomitron
A filter that gets rid of a variety of elements from a page or replaces elements (such as blink with bold).
http://proxomitron.org/

RTFtoHTML
Converts RTF to HTML
http://www.sunpack.com/RTF/

rfc2html.pl
Special purpose filter that converts Internet Society Request for Comments into HTML. Model of a converter for a special text format for people who like to program in Perl.
http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616.html
http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2html.pl

Spyglass Prism
Server-based content conversion.
http://www.spyglass.com/solutions/technologies/prism/

Silas S. Brown's Web access gateway
For disabled users.
http://members.bigfoot.com/~silasbrown/access.html

{textualise;}
A proxy service that can adjust content delivered from the source to provide a version more suited to people with visual impairments.
http://codix.net/textualise

Web Intermediaries (WBI) ("Webbie")
By IBM, it is an architecture and framework for creating intermediary applications on the Web.
http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/wbi/

Web page Purifier
Removes tags and/or attributes not explicitly allowed by the DTD.
http://www.delorie.com/web/purify.html/

WebCleaner
An Open-Source (GPL) filtering HTTP proxy.
http://freshmeat.net/projects/webcleaner/

 


USABILITY

1. Guidelines and standards on usability

WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative. WAI contents guidelines for public Web sites in the EU, Final Progress Report. December 2002
http://europa.eu.int/information_society/topics
/citizens/accessibility/web
/wai_2002/eaccess2002_report_final/a_documents/
ap2002-wai-rep3.pdf

IBM. Web design guidelines
http://www-3.ibm.com/ibm/easy/eou_ext.nsf/Publish/572

ISO 9241-11. Guidance on usability. 1998
http://www.usabilitynet.org/tools/r_international.htm#9241-11

National Cancer Institute. Research based and usability guidelines
http://www.usability.gov/guidelines/index.html

 

2. Web sites on usability

Chickenskinners
Links and papers on usability.
http://www.chickenskinners.com/index.php/usa

Section 508
American Law for regulations of US Websites. Links, resources and useful documents.

Usability Professionals' Association
http://www.upassoc.org/

Usableweb
More than 1000 links on usability.
http://usableweb.com/

Usability.gov
USA government site on usability, with many references on the subject.
http://www.usability.gov/accessibility/index.html

Usability.net
http://www.usabilitynet.org/tools/r_international.htm

Usabilityfirst
Provides information and resources for key issues related to usability in Website and software design.
http://www.usabilityfirst.com/

useit.com, Jakob Nielsen's Website
http://www.useit.com/

 

3. Quality of contents and usability evaluation methods

Brussels quality framework / Cadre qualité Bruxelles
Workgroup aiming at the setting up of baselines for a shared vision of criteria of quality for cultural Websites
http://www.cfwb.be/qualite-Bruxelles/pg001.asp

CIDOC Multimedia Working Group. Multimedia Evaluation Criteria. Revised Draft. Nuremberg, Germany, September 8-10,1997.
http://www.archimuse.com/papers/cidoc/cidoc.mmwg.eval.crit.html

DESIRE Information Gateways Handbook. Guide to creating high quality portals on the Internet.
http://www.desire.org/handbook/

Hom James. The Usability Methods Toolbox. 1998.
http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/

ICRA - Internet Content Rating Association
http://www.icra.org

Internet detective
http://www.sosig.ac.uk/desire/internet.detective.html

Judging quality on the Web
http://library.ucla.edu/url/referenc/judging.htm

Quality Framework for UK government Website design Juliy 2002
http://www.e-envoy.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/00/09/20/04000920.pdf

Quick: the Quality information checklist
http://www.quick.org.uk/menu.htm

QUIS. Questionnaire for user interaction satisfaction
http://www.lap.umd.edu/QUIS/index.html

SUMI
Standard evaluation questionnaire for assessing quality of use of software by end users.
http://www.ucc.ie/hfrg/questionnaires/sumi/index.html

Tillman Hope N., Evaluating quality on the Net, March 2003
www.hopetillman.com/findqual.html

 

4. Universal design

The Center for Universal Design - Universal Design Manifesto
Principles of Universal Design
http://www.design.ncsu.edu:8120/cud/univ_design/princ_overview.htm

Dan's Web Tips
Extensive collection of helpful tips, links and resources for creating effective and usable Web pages.
http://webtips.dan.info/

Designing More Usable Web Sites
Helpful index lists links to resources for creating accessible Web sites, including software and Web-based services.
http://www.trace.wisc.edu/world/web/index.html

Navigation and Usability Guide
Access this extensive collection of articles, columns and resources from Web Review Magazine on accessibility and usability guidelines.
http://www.ddj.com/

General Concepts, Universal Design Principles and Guidelines
Here are many reasons, both practical and economic, for creating a world we can all use. Here are a few papers which highlight key reasons.
http://trace.wisc.edu/world/gen_ud.html

Web Usability OverSite
Index of articles and links from the University of Michigan highlights how Web designers can test their Web sites for overall usability.
http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bing/oversite/webuse.html

Yet Another Style Guide
This style guide reflects lessons learnt about how to design a good Website.
http://www.vorburger.ch/kissfp/styleguide/index.html

Designing Access to WWW Pages by the Alliance for Technology Access http://www.ataccess.org/ATResourceLibrary/WWWAccess/default.html

Norman, Donald. The Design of Everyday Things. New York: Basic Books, 1988.

 

5. Patterns

Alexandex C. et al. A Pattern Language – Towns, Buildings, Construction. New York: Oxford University Press, 1977.

Alexander C.. The Timeless Way of Building. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.

Cunningham, Ward – Beck, Kent. Using Pattern Languages for Object-Oriented Programs, presentet to the Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA), 1987.

Gamma Erich –Helm, Richard – Johnson, Ralph –Vlissides, John – Wesley, Addison, Design Patterns – Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, 1995.

Tidwell, Jenifer, COMMON GROUND: A Pattern Language for Human-Computer Interface Design, 1999.
http://www.mit.edu/~jtidwell/common_ground.html

Tidwell, Jenifer. UI Patterns and Techniques, 2002
http://time-tripper.com/uipatterns/

van Welie, Martin, Interaction Design Patterns, 2001
http://www.welie.com/patterns/index.html

Moreover a bibliography of collections of patterns for the Web ca be found at
http://iawiki.net/WebsitePatterns


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